Sicily, the largest island in the Mediterranean, sits at the southern tip of Italy like a sun-drenched jewel. With its dramatic coastlines, ancient ruins, vibrant cities and legendary cuisine, it’s a place where history and culture run deep. The scenery is just as compelling. Whether you’re visiting the island’s major cities or exploring its smaller coastal towns, there’s no shortage of places to see and flavors to discover.
Here are 10 things Sicily, Italy is known for, along with top experiences to enjoy while you’re there.
1. Ancient Greek & Roman Ruins
Sicily is known for having some of the most impressive ancient ruins outside of mainland Greece and Rome. The Valley of the Temples in Agrigento is a standout, with its remarkably-preserved Doric temples dating back to the 5th century, B.C. In Syracuse, the Greek Theatre is still used for performances today, while Taormina’s Roman amphitheater offers sweeping views of the coast. Exploring these sites is one of the most unforgettable things to do in Sicily.
2. Sicilian Cuisine
Sicily’s food scene is deeply rooted in tradition and local ingredients. Dishes often combine Arab, Spanish and Italian influences, with bold flavors and fresh produce taking center stage. Signature dishes include arancini (fried rice balls), caponata (eggplant stew), pasta alla Norma and, of course, cannoli filled with sweet ricotta. Whether you're dining in a trattoria or grabbing street food in Palermo, eating your way through the island is a must.
3. Picturesque Coastal Towns
From cliffside villages to fishing harbors, Sicily is full of postcard-worthy towns. Taormina, with its elegant streets and sea views, is a favorite among visitors. Cefalù offers a relaxed beach vibe paired with a medieval old town, while Noto is known for its stunning baroque architecture. Exploring these towns — on foot or with a camera in hand — is one of the most scenic things to do in Sicily.
4. Colorful Local Markets
If you want a sense of daily life on the island, head to a local market. Ballarò and Vucciria in Palermo are two of the oldest and liveliest, filled with vendors shouting their offerings, from fresh seafood and produce to spices, cheeses and street snacks. Markets are a perfect place to sample local flavors, people-watch and experience the high energy that Sicily is known for.
5. Baroque Architecture
Sicily’s baroque cities are part of a UNESCO World Heritage listing, and it’s easy to see why. Ragusa, Modica and Noto were rebuilt after a devastating earthquake in the 1600s, and now showcase some of the most ornate baroque architecture in Europe. Golden stone buildings, intricate balconies and grand churches line the streets — making these towns a dream for architecture lovers.
6. Mountains & Inland Villages
Beyond the coast, Sicily’s interior offers a quieter side of the island. The Madonie Mountains and Nebrodi Mountains are full of hiking trails, forests and traditional villages that seem frozen in time. Towns like Castelbuono and Enna are perfect for day trips, offering both nature and local culture away from the tourist hubs.
7. Island Beaches & Crystal-Clear Waters
Sicily, Italy is known for its beaches — ranging from soft sand to dramatic rocky coves. On the eastern coast, Isola Bella near Taormina and Giardini Naxos offers beautiful views and easy swimming. On the western side, San Vito Lo Capo is known for its turquoise water and white sand. And don't miss the Scala dei Turchi, a natural limestone staircase formation that’s become an iconic photo spot.
8. Unique Wines & Vineyards
Sicilian wine has been gaining international recognition, and tasting local varietals is one of the top things to do in Sicily. The island’s diverse landscape and sunny climate produce everything from robust reds like Nero d’Avola to mineral-rich whites like Grillo and Carricante. Many vineyards offer tastings and tours, particularly in areas around Etna and Marsala.
9. Festivals & Local Traditions
Sicily is known for its vibrant festivals that reflect centuries of cultural layering. Religious processions, folkloric celebrations and food-centric events take place year-round. One of the most famous is the Festival of Saint Agatha in Catania, where thousands gather for days of celebration. Visiting during a local festival offers a deeper look into Sicilian traditions and community spirit.
10. Charming Cities: Palermo & Catania
The cities of Palermo and Catania show two different sides of Sicily. Palermo, the capital, is a mix of Arab-Norman architecture, lively markets and eclectic energy. Catania, set at the foot of Mount Etna, has wide boulevards, black lava stone buildings and a youthful vibe, thanks to its university population. Both cities are gateways to exploring the island, and are worth spending time in for their unique characters.
What is Sicily, Italy Known For?
Sicily, Italy is known for its ancient ruins, distinctive cuisine, dramatic coastlines and layered cultural heritage. It’s a destination where Roman theaters and Greek temples sit near bustling food markets and medieval towns open up to panoramic sea views. With its mix of flavors, landscapes and traditions, there are countless things to do in Sicily that make it one of Italy’s most rewarding regions to explore.
